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3 SheetsSheet 1.

(No Model W. ORR. COTTON BALE COVER.

Patented Dec. 30, 1890.

$421., m t qwa Til a li (N0 Modell) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. ORR. COTTON BALE COVER. No. 443,619. v Patented'Dec. 30, 1890.

a l ME a 3 o 0 1WD 4 l a o o In E .D a g o o o pom/J d7 2 4. L o 0 NE(No Model.) '3 Sheets-Sheet 3 W. ORR. COTTON BALE COVER.

N0. 443,619. Patented Dec. 30, 1890.

' cover consists of jute, cotton,or othersuitable This inner cover ismade in two separate the other the bottom, each being long and wide 1the halo is first compressed at the ginningof the cover t-henoverlapping at the ends of usually of strip-iron, are passed around theThus the sewing of the inner cover must stand ED STAT S ATE NT \VTLLIAMORR, OF TRENTON, NE\V JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE NEXV JERSEY \VIRE CLOTHCOMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

COTTON-BALE COVE R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 443,619, dated December30, 1890.

Application filed March 24, 1890.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that LVVILLIAM ORR,a citizen of the United States, residingat Trenton, county of Mercer, and State of New Jersey, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Cotton-Bale Covers, fullydescribed and represented in the following specification and theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

This invention relates to cotton-bale covers, its object being toprovide an improved cover which shall be more simple, cheap, andconvenient in use and shall hold the cotton fiber more securely in placeand better protect it from waste and dirt than those heretoforeemployed.

The method of baling cotton generally employed heretofore is as follows:The inner material woven in very coarse meshes and to stand the strainof the compressed fiber and of the rough handling which it receives.

pieces, one covering the top of the bale and enough to lap over thesides and ends of the bale, the ends being covered entirely when mill,but the sides only partially covered, the edges of the two parts of thecover being adapted to meet on the sides of the bale when it is doubledat the compress, the two parts the bale and causing a waste of much material. To hold this cover in place, bale-ties,

outside and fastened by buckles. These ties are put on while the bale isin the ginningpress and are passed through slots left for that purposein the floor of the press and in the follower. These ties encircle thebale only in one direction, protecting only the top, bottom, and sidesof the bale, but leaving the ends unprotected, except by the innercovering previously described, the two parts of which are sewed togetheralong the ends of the bale.

the strain upon the ends of the bale, and it is found that the ends ofmany of the bales burst out, and that the ties next the ends are fre-Serial No. 345,046. (No model.)

quently broken by the excess of pressure thereon. The ties usuallyemployed are of sufficicnt length to reach entirely around the bale asit comes from the ginning-press, and

it is found necessary to remove all or nearly all of them before thebale is put in the compress, as it is not possible to adjust such ties,if left on the bale, without cutting each tie and using an extra set ofbuckles. I avoid these objections by providing an outer jacket, by whichthe strength will be more evenly distributed over the whole of the bale,which may be more conveniently and cheaply applied, and which may beused for the bale as originally compressed at the ginning-press anddoubled at the compress without removing the ties. To accomplish this Iprotect the inner cover and contained cotton fiber by an outer jacket ofwires or metal strips consisting of two series of wires or handsextending at right angles with each other, one series covering the baleso as to protect the top, bottom, and sides, and the other seriespassing around the ends of the bale, this jacket being formed,preferably, in two parts connected by loops or buckles or in any othersuitable manner.

I provide also an inner cover in two parts so constructed as to overlapthe sides and ends of the bale equally, the edges of the two parts beingadapted to meet on the ends and sides when the bale is finallycompressed.

I provide also in connection with my outer cover or jacket an innercover so constructed as to increase its strength and greatly diminishits cost by forming it of any suitable material having woven therein atcertain intervals, preferably in both warp and filling, strands of muchgreater strength, thus enabling the inner cover to be made of very lightIOO vention. Fig. 2 is a similar view of the bale after passing throughthe compress. Figs. 3, 4, and show modifications of the jacket. Fig. 6shows one form of buckle. Figs. 7 and 8 are side and front views ofanother form'of buckle. Fig. 9 is a detail of a portion of the innercover, and Fig. 10 is a section of the same on an enlarged scale.

Referring especially to Figs. '1. and 2, A represents the cotton fiberor lint, and 13 the inner cover, which may be of any suitable material,but preferably is of a construction which will be hereinafter fullydescribed.

About the bale and inner cover is a jacket composed of a series of ties0, extending in one direction about the bale so as to cover the top,bottom, and sides of the same, and a second series of ties D, extendingat right angles to the ties C and covering the top, bottom, and ends ofthe bale, these two series of ties forming the jacket, which issubstituted in place of the single series of ties in common use. Thismetallic jacket is formed, preferably, in two parts, one part coveringthe top and upper portion of the sides and ends of the bale and theother part the bottom and lower portion of the sides and ends.

Each part of the jacket of Figs. 1 and 2 is of the same construction asto the arrangement of looped and plain ends as that shown in Fig. 3, thewires forming the tics O I) being each provided, preferably, with loops1 at one end, the other end 2 being plain, and the two parts of thejacket being so arranged that the plain ends of the wires on one partmay be passed through the loops formed in the ends of the wires of theother part for the purpose of secu ring the two parts of thejackettogether. lhis construction, in which the two parts of the jacket areduplicates, is preferred, because it enables the entire jacket to bemade without adjustment of the machine; but itwill be understood thatthe wires of one part may be provided with loops at both ends, ifdesired, and the wires of the other part be without loops.

\Vhile both series of ties maybe formed of either single or twistedwires, which may be looped around each other or otherwise securedtogether where they cross, I prefer the construction shown, in which theties 1) consist of two or more strands twisted together, and the ties Uare formed, preferably, of a single wire passed between the strands ofties D, by which the ties C are held against lateral movement, but areallowed free longitudinal movement for drawing them taut in securing thebale. The ties C may also be formed of two or more strands, if desired.

In Fig. 3 is shown a modification of my jacket, in which the ties I) areformed, as in Figs. 1 and 2, of twisted wires provided with loops attheir ends, the ties 0, however, being formed of flat metallic bandspassed be tween the strands of ties D and provided at their ends withbuckles 3 of any suitable form.

In Fig. 4 both series of ties are formed of flat metallic bands providedwith buckles 3 at one end, the end and side bands being preferablysecured together where they cross by rivets 4t.

\Vhile it is preferable, both on account of convenience of constructionand ol' the greater strength given to the bale, that the ties of the endseries should pass completely around the bale when secured together,this is not absoluteiy necessary.

As shown in Fig. 5, the end ties may be secured to the side ties nextthe ends and cover only the ends or". the bale overlapping the top andbottom sutiiciently for attachment to the sideties. Itwill beunderstoodthatil' greater strength is desired the end ties in this constructionmay be extended and secured to more than one of the side ties.

In the construction shownin Fig. 5 the side ties will be securedtogether in any suitable manner, so that each part of the cover willform a single construction. I have shown them thus secured by means ofwire bands '7, formed of twisted wires with the ties passed between themand thus held in position. Each part of my jacket therefore consists oftwo series of metal ties, the ties of one series crossing all the tiesof the other series and being connected at the intersections, or theties of the two series being connected together in any othersuit-ablemanner to form a single construction, which may be handled and appliedas a single piece.

By the term part as applied to my twopart jacket, therefore, I intend tocover any construction employing two series of metal ties arranged asdescribed and claimed, or se cured together in any suitable manner, soas to form such a single construction.

\Vhile the wires of the preferred form of j ackethavc been shownasprovidedwith loops formed therein, and this is the preferableconstruction, it will be understood that the invention is not limited toa jacket composed of wires having loops formed in their ends, but thatbuckles may be used for securing the wires together. Such buckles areshown in Figs. 6, 7, and 8, Fig. 6 showing a buckle E, connecting thetwo wires 0, and Figs. 7 and 8 a buckle F of another form, which may besubstituted for buckle E. The buckle may be used in the same way as theloop, the end of the wire being passed through and secured by twisting,or a loop may be formed in the end of the wire and inserted through theopening of the buckle. Any other suitable means for securing the ends ofthe tics may be used.

As stated above, I may use with my metallic jacket an inner cover of anysuitable material, such as jute, manila, hemp, cotton, or any twistedand woven fiber or of woven or braided flax, rushes, straw, or similarmaterial that would make a sutliciently strong and cheap 'cover. Iprefer, however, to make an inner cover of twisted fibers of cotton,manila, jute, or similar material having the main web formed of smallor-light strands,

and having interwoven therein, preferably in both warp and filling, atsuitable intervals, heavier strands of much greater strength, whichstrands may be single or formed of a number of strands, as preferred.This construction is shown in detail in Figs. 9and 10, in which theinner cover B has a main web formed of small or light strands 5 and theheavier strands 6 woven therein at suitable intervals. By thisconstruction I am able to form theinner cover of a very light and cheapmaterial, the cover being strengthened by the heavier strands, so as toafiord the necessary strength required to withstand the rough handlingto which the bale is subjected.

If desired to further cheapen the cover, the heavier strands may beformed of acheaper material. For instance, the main web may be of lightcotton, and the heavy strands of manila, jute, hemp, or some other cheapmaterial which-has sufficient strength to hold the hooks employed inhandling the bale and prevent their forming large holes in the cover.

The method of applying my improved cover is as follows: One part of theouter jacket is first laid in position upon the floor of the press andone part of the inner cover spread in proper position over it, theseforming the cover for the bottom and lower portion of the sides and endsof the bale. The press is then filled with the cotton fiber, after whichthe second piece of the inner cover is placed on top of the cotton andthe second piece of the outer jacket placed over this. After the balehas been pressed to size, as shown, the two pieces constituting theouterjacket are united by passing the ends of the wires of one partthrough the loops of the corresponding opposite parts and the slacktaken out by drawing the wires taut, when the ends protruding throughthe loops will be bent over so as to form a holding-loop and thentwisted to prevent slipping, as shown fully in Fig. 1. If buckles areemployed in place of the loops, the operation is substantially the same,except that the ties will be fastened, as usual, with buckles.

As shown in Fig. 1, the inner cover does not protect the entire surfaceof the bale either at the sides or ends, the jacket serving to protectthe fiber in the uncovered portion sufficiently for such handling as isrequired previous to doubling.

WVhen it is desired to double or further compress the bale for shipment,the bale shown in Fig. 1 will be placed in the compress withoutlooseningthe ties, and will then be compressed to the size shown in Fig.2, in which the edges of thein'ner cover overlapping the sides and endsmeet in the middle of the bale, thereby covering the bal completely andprotecting the fiber from waste and the accumulation of dirt in thehandling required during the shipment and transportation. The balehaving been reduced to the proper size, the slack in the ties is takenout by drawing the wires through the loops until the ties are taut, whenthey Will be firmly secured by twisting around the wires, as shown inFig. 2. It will be seen that this construction affords a very convenientmeans for securing a cotton bale both as it comes from the ginning pressand from the compress, itbeing unnecessary to remove the ties for thelatter operation.

.-.The end ties not only protect and hold together the ends of thebales, preventing their bursting out, but they avoid the necessity ofsewing the ends together and effect a saving of a considerable portion.of the under cover, as with them it is necessary to have the coveroverlap the ends only sufficiently to meet when the bale is doubled.

lVhat I claim is 1. A cotton-bale jacket made in two parts, each partconsisting of two series of metal ties extending at right angles to eachother, one part covering the top and upper portion of the sides and endsof the bale and the other part the bottom and lower portion of the sidesand ends of the bale, and the ends of the ties of the two parts beingsecured together when in place upon the halo, substantially asdescribed.

2. A cotton-bale jacket made in two parts, each part consisting of twoseries of wires extending at right angles to each other, one partcovering the top and upper portion of the sides and ends of the bale andthe other part the bottom and'lower portion of the sides and ends of thebale, and the, ends of the ties of the two parts being secured togetherwhen in place upon the bale, substantially as described.

3. A COlZlLO11"btlG jacket made in two parts, each part consisting oftwo series of metal ties extending at right angles to each other, oneseries consisting of twisted wires of two or more strands between whichthe ties of the other series are passed, one part covering the top andupper portion of the sides and ends of the bale and the other part thebottom and lower portion of the sides and ends of the bale, and the endsof the ties of the two parts being secured together when in place uponthe bale, substantially as described.

4:. A cotton-bale jacket made in two parts, each part consisting of twoseries of Wires extending at right angles to each other, one seriesconsisting of twisted wires of two or more strands between which thewires of the other series are passed, one part covering the top andupper portion of the sides and ends of the bale and the other part thebottom and 'lower portion of the sides and ends of the bale, the ends ofthe wires of the two parts being secured by loops formed in the wires ofone part, substantially as described.

5. A cotton-bale jacket made in two parts, each part consisting of twoseries of wires extending at right angles to each other, one partcovering the top and upper portion of the sides and ends of the bale andthe other part the bottom and lower portion of the sides and ends of thebale, the ends of the wires of the two parts being secured by loopsformed in the wires of one part, substantially as described.

6. A cotton-bale cover consisting of an inner cover and an outer jacket,each made in two parts, one part of both cover and jacket covering thetop and upper portion of the sides and ends of. the bale and the otherpart covering the bottom and lower portion of the sides and ends of thebale, the ends of the ties of the two parts being" secured together whenin place upon the bale and the inner cover overlapping both the sidesand ends of the halo, and the edges of its two parts meeting on both thesides and ends when the hole is doubled at the conngress substantiallyas described.

'7. A cotton-bnle cover consisting of an inner cover of woven materialhaving strands of greater strength woven therein at intervals and anouter metallic jacket, each made in two parts, one part of both coverand jacket; covering the top and upper portion of the sides and ends ofthe bale and the other part covering the bottom and lower portion of thesides and ends of the bale, the inner cover overlapping both the sidesand ends of the bale, and the edges of its two parts meeting on both thesides and ends when the halo is doubled at the compress, substantiallyas described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM. ORR. .Vitnesscm:

A. D. CARNAGY, ll. N. CORNING.

